Percepções de mulheres com câncer de mama acerca dos tratamentos / Perceptions of women with breast cancer regarding treatments

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender a percepção das mulheres com câncer de mama acerca dos tratamentos. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, descritivo, transversal, no qual participaram 40 mulheres em quimioterapia para tratamento do câncer mamário em um hospital especializado em oncologia. O instrumento utilizado para coleta de dados foi uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados mediante Análise de Conteúdo de Bardin e categorizados conforme o Modelo de Crenças em Saúde. Originaram-se quatro categorias: "Suscetibilidade percebida: câncer e COVID-19", "Percepção da gravidade em face do impacto dos tratamentos", "Desafios e barreiras nos tratamentos" e "Benefícios percebidos no tratamento do câncer". Conclui-se que existem diferentes fatores que ressoam na percepção que a mulher tem sobre os tratamentos e que geram repercussões na forma de enfrentá-los. O conhecimento desses fatores pelos profissionais de saúde pode auxiliar na assistência às mulheres para melhor enfrentamento da doença.

The objective of this study was to understand the perception of women with breast cancer about treatments. This is a qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, involving 40 women undergoing chemotherapy for the treatment of breast cancer in a hospital specialized in oncology. The instrument used for data collection was a semi-structured interview. Data was analyzed using Bardin's Content Analysis and categorized according to the Health Belief Model. Four categories emerged: "Perceived susceptibility: cancer and COVID-19", "Perception of severity in view of treatments impact", "Challenges and barriers in treatments" and "Perceived benefits in cancer treatment". It is concluded that there are different factors that resonate in women's perception of treatments and that generate repercussions in the way of facing them. Knowledge of these factors by healthcare professionals can help in providing better assistance to women in facing the disease.

Women's perception about the discovery of breast cancer amid the covid-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is considered a health problem at a worldwide level. In Brazil, the South and Southeast regions have the highest mortality rates. Understanding how they dealt with the diagnostic of a stigmatized disease amid the COVID-19 pandemic and its potential repercussions, may enable healthcare professionals to of life. Thus, this study is aimed at understanding the perception of women about the discovery of breast cancer and the impact of the disease on their lives. METHODS: A qualitative study, with the participation of forty women with breast cancer, under chemotherapy treatment. It was performed in a hospital specialized in oncology, in Juiz de Fora, Brazil, in 2020 and 2021. Data collection was carried out with semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed with Bardin Content Analysis. RESULTS: Based on the central theme "Discovery of the disease", these categories were developed: "Discovery" and "Impact of the disease". A large part of women noticed a change in the breast, even before routine checks. Upon the impact of cancer diagnosis, negative feelings arise, then going through a process of acceptance and coping. Some barriers were faced due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused delays in the diagnostic and impact caused by social isolation. Family, friends, and healthcare professionals integrated an important supporting network in order to help coping with the disease. CONCLUSION: The consequences of a breast cancer diagnosis can be devastating. It is necessary that healthcare professionals know and embrace the feelings, beliefs, and values as a part of the aspects related to health. Valuing the supporting network of women suffering from the disease may favor the process of accepting and coping with the neoplasm. The COVID-19 pandemic is highlighted as an obstacle to be overcome specially when it comes to diagnostic assistance and availability of a support network. In that sense, it is worth mentioning the importance of a healthcare team able to offer full assistance, with quality. The need of further studies to determine the impact of the pandemic in the long run.

Variáveis psicológicas associadas ao crescimento pós-traumático após a vivência do câncer de mama: uma revisão sistemática / Psychological variables associated with posttraumatic growth after breast cancer experience: a systematic review

Introdução: O câncer de mama é considerado um dos tipos de câncer mais comuns entre as mulheres, representando 25% e 29% dos casos novos a cada ano no mundo e no Brasil, respectivamente. A vivência de seu diagnóstico, bem como de seus tratamentos pode acarretar impactos importantes na saúde física e mental, porém esta experiência pode também ser fonte de ressignificações positivas. Objetivo: O presente estudo revisou a literatura sobre as publicações científicas em relação ao crescimento pós-traumático em mulheres com câncer de mama. Material e Métodos:A busca da literatura foi realizada entre os meses de setembro e outubro de 2019, nas bases de dados Medline, Scielo, PsycINFO e Web of Science com base no Protocolo PRISMA, através do cruzamento dos descritores breast neoplasms e posttraumatic growth. Resultados: De um total de 56 referências finais analisadas observou-se que os EUA, China e Portugal são os países com maior número de publicações sobre o tema, sendo a maioria dos estudos de caráter transversal e quantitativo. O crescimento pós-traumático é fenômeno observado em diversas mulheres que sobreviveram ao câncer de mama, sofrendo a influência de fatores como suporte social, estratégias de coping, estresse psicológico, depressão, processamento cognitivo, qualidade de vida, percepção sobre a doença, religiosidade/espiritualidade, ansiedade, estressores específicos do câncer, otimismo, afeto positivo e saúde mental. Conclusão: Através deste estudo foi possível mapear, na literatura, algumas das principais variáveis psicológicas relacionadas ao crescimento observado após a vivência do câncer de mama, podendo esta experiência estar associada não somente a impactos negativos, mas também a ressignificações importantes sobre a vida.

Introduction: Breast cancer is considered one of the most common cancers among women, representing 25% and 29% of the new cases each year in the world and in Brazil. The experience of its diagnosis, as well as its treatments can have important impact on physical and mental health, but this experience can also be a source of positive reframing. Objective: This study revised the literature about the scientific publications concerning the posttraumatic growth in women with breast cancer. Materials and methods: The search of literature was carried out between September and October 2019 in the databases Medline, Scielo, PsycINFO and Web of Science using the PRISMA protocol, through the crossing of the descriptors breast neoplasms and posttraumatic growth. Results: From a total of 56 final references, it was observed that the USA, China and Portugal are the countries with the largest number of publications on the subject, with the majority of cross-sectional and quantitative studies. Posttraumatic growth is a phenomenon observed in several women who have survived breast cancer, being influenced by factors such as social support, coping strategies, psychological stress, depression, cognitive processing, quality of life, perception about the disease, religiosity/spirituality, anxiety, specific cancer stressors, positive affect, mental health, among others. Conclusion: Through this study it was possible to map in the literature some of the main psychological variables related to the growth observed after the experience of breast cancer, and this experience may be associated not only with negative impact, but also with important resignifications concerning life.